> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://demystifyfp.gitbook.io/fstoolkit-errorhandling/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://demystifyfp.gitbook.io/fstoolkit-errorhandling/fstoolkit.errorhandling.icedtasks/index-1/bind.md).

# bind

### CancellableTaskValidation.bind

Namespace: `FsToolkit.ErrorHandling`

Function Signature:

```fsharp
('input -> CancellableTaskValidation<'output, 'Error>)
  -> CancellableTaskValidation<'input, 'Error>
  -> CancellableTaskValidation<'output, 'Error>
```

Chains two `CancellableTaskValidation` computations using **monadic** (short-circuit) semantics. If the first computation returns an `Error`, the binder function is not called and the error is propagated immediately.

Note: Unlike [`apply`](/fstoolkit-errorhandling/fstoolkit.errorhandling.icedtasks/index-1/apply.md) or [`map2`](/fstoolkit-errorhandling/fstoolkit.errorhandling.icedtasks/index-1/map2.md), `bind` does **not** accumulate multiple errors — it short-circuits on the first failure. For error accumulation, use the applicative operators or the `cancellableTaskValidation` CE with `and!`.

### Examples

Note: Many use-cases requiring `bind` operations can also be solved using [the `cancellableTaskValidation` computation expression](/fstoolkit-errorhandling/fstoolkit.errorhandling.icedtasks/index-1/ce.md).

#### Example 1

Sequentially validating a user exists before validating their permissions:

```fsharp
let validateUserWithPermissions (userId: UserId) : CancellableTaskValidation<UserWithRole, string> =
    fetchUser userId
    |> CancellableTaskValidation.bind (fun user -> fetchAndValidateRole user)
```

#### Example 2

Chaining validation steps in a pipeline:

```fsharp
let processPayment (request: PaymentRequest) : CancellableTaskValidation<Receipt, PaymentError> =
    validatePaymentRequest request
    |> CancellableTaskValidation.bind authorizePayment
    |> CancellableTaskValidation.bind chargeCard
```

#### Example 3

Using `bind` inside a `cancellableTaskValidation` CE with sequential steps:

```fsharp
let createUser (input: CreateUserInput) : CancellableTaskValidation<UserId, string> =
    cancellableTaskValidation {
        let! validatedEmail = validateEmail input.Email
        // bind is used implicitly here — short-circuits if validateEmail fails
        let! userId = createUserRecord validatedEmail input.Name
        return userId
    }
```